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Router mode , switch/router basic commands

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Router mode , switch/router basic commands


ROUTER :

A router is a device that analyses the contents of data packets transmitted within a network or to another network. Routers determine whether the source and destination are destination are on the same network or whether data must be transferred from one network type to another, which requires encapsulation the data packet with routing protocol header information for the new network type.
Routing is a process which is performed by layer 3 (or Network Layer) devices in order to deliver the packet by choosing an optimal path from one to another.

Advantages

  • No Routing overhead for router CPU which means a cheaper router can be used to do routing.
  • It adds security because the only administrator can allow routing to a particular network only.
  • No bandwidth usage between routers.

Disadvantages

  • For a large network, it is a hectic task for an administrator to manually add each router for the network in the routing table on each router.
  • The administrator should have good knowledge of the topology. If a new administrator comes, then he has to manually add each route.

CONFIGURING ROUTERS:

  • Connect the PCs with the switch through copper straight through cable by inserting into their Fast Ethernet port.
  • Then connect the switches with the router through copper straight through cable by inserting into their Gigabit Ethernet port.
  • Now, connect both the routers with serial DTE cable by inserting into their serial port.
  • Now, assign the IP Addresses, Subnet Masks and Default Gateway of the PCs and Router
  • TABLE FOR IP ADDRESSES, SUBNET MASKS AND DEFAULT GATEWAYS
  • Now go to the Command Prompt of the router and enter the command ‘no shut exit’.
  • Now write the commnad on the PC-0 as:

#ip route 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
  (Source) (Subnet Mask) (Next Hop)
  • Now write the same command for the PC-1 as:

  #ip route 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2
  • Now you can send the packets from any PC to the other.

COMMANDS:

Router 1 :

  1. Router1> enable             
  2. Router1#config t             
  3. Router1(config)#int fa gig 0/0             
  4. Router1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 
  5. Router1(config-if)#exit             
  6. Router1(config)#int Serial0/0/0             
  7. Router1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0             
  8. Router1(config-if)#exit             
  9. Router1(config)#no shut exit             
  10. Router1(config)#exit             
  11. Router1#exit

Router2:

  1. Router2> enable             
  2. Router2#config t             
  3. Router2(config)#int fa gig 0/0             
  4. Router2(config-if)# ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0             
  5. Router2(config-if)#exit             
  6. Router2(config)#int Serial0/0/1             
  7. Router2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0             
  8. Router2(config-if)#exit             
  9. Router2(config)#no shut exit             
  10. Router2(config)#exit             
  11. Router2#exit










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